Analysis of Students' Error in Constructing Complex Sentence in Essay Writing of Fourth Semester Students at UIN Imam Bonjol Padang

Akustika Romansa, Ariel (2026) Analysis of Students' Error in Constructing Complex Sentence in Essay Writing of Fourth Semester Students at UIN Imam Bonjol Padang. Skripsi thesis, UIN Imam Bonjol Padang.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze students’ errors in constructing complex sentences in comparative essay writing. Complex sentences play an essential role in academic writing because they enable writers to express logical relationships between ideas, such as cause, contrast, condition, and time. However, many EFL students still encounter difficulties in forming grammatically accurate complex sentences. This research employed a qualitative document analysis design. The data were collected from comparative essays written by fourth-semester students of the English Tadris Department at UIN Imam Bonjol Padang in the academic year 2025. The data were analyzed using the interactive model proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña (2014), which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that students produced various types of errors in constructing complex sentences. The most dominant error was fused sentences, followed by missing subjects and missing verbs. These errors indicate that students still have difficulties in distinguishing independent and dependent clauses, using appropriate subordinating conjunctions, and applying correct punctuation. Although students demonstrate basic understanding of sentence components, their ability to integrate clauses accurately remains limited. In conclusion, the results suggest that grammar instruction should be more explicitly integrated into writing practice to enhance students’ syntactic accuracy and overall academic writing proficiency.

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