Politeness Strategies Found in Classroom Interaction at Ninth Grade State Madrasah Tsanawiyah 5 Padang

Abi Yusya, Ilhamdi (2026) Politeness Strategies Found in Classroom Interaction at Ninth Grade State Madrasah Tsanawiyah 5 Padang. Skripsi thesis, UIN Imam Bonjol Padang.

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Abstract

This study investigates the politeness strategies used by ninth-grade students in classroom interaction at State Madrasah Tsanawiyah 5 Padang. Grounded in Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory, this research aims to identify the types of politeness strategies employed by students and to understand how these strategies function within teacher–student and student–student interactions. A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted, with data collected through classroom observations and audio recordings of students’ natural verbal interactions during formal learning activities. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques, involving data reduction, coding, categorization, and interpretation based on the four types of politeness strategies: bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off-record strategies. The findings reveal that positive politeness strategies were the most frequently used by students, particularly to build solidarity, show friendliness, and maintain harmonious relationships in the classroom, Negative politeness strategies were also employed, especially in interactions with teachers, reflecting students’ awareness of power relations and respect for authority, In contrast, bald on record and off-record strategies were used less frequently. These findings indicate that students’ politeness strategies are influenced by classroom norms, institutional roles, and the cultural and religious context of the madrasah. This study contributes to pragmatics and educational discourse by providing empirical insights into students’ politeness strategies in an Islamic junior high school context and offers pedagogical implications for fostering respectful and effective classroom communication

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